Congestive Heart Failure Symptoms, Stages, & Classification - The ...
Feb 13, 2024 · Congestive heart failure is a potentially life-threatening condition that impacts millions of people. However, patients with congestive heart failure may be asymptomatic until functional remodeling of the heart occurs. 1 In addition, heart failure is often overlooked or misdiagnosed, particularly in older adults. 2 To help health care providers increase patient …
Hypertensive Crisis, Urgency, & Emergency - The Cardiology Advisor
Updated: 05/20/2024. A hypertensive crisis is a severe increase in blood pressure (systolic ≥180 mm Hg and/or diastolic ≥110 mm Hg). 1 Without immediate intervention, severe cases can be fatal. 1 There are 2 types of hypertensive crises: hypertensive urgency and hypertensive emergency. 1 A hypertensive urgency is a severe elevation in blood pressure in an otherwise …
Beta Blockers in Heart Failure Management - The Cardiology Advisor
Feb 12, 2024 · Beta blockers are the mainstay heart failure treatment for patients with an LVEF of up to 40%, as seen in HFrEF. 2 High-quality evidence from multiple RCTs indicates that beta blockers can boost clinical status by improving left ventricular function and reducing symptoms of heart failure, and the risk of hospitalization and mortality. 2 In ...
HS-CRP: High Sensitivity CRP (C-reactive Protein)
Nov 17, 2022 · C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute-phase protein produced in the liver as part of the body’s natural inflammatory response. 1,2 It is produced in greater volumes when inflammatory conditions are present, with high concentrations indicating more serious inflammation of the patient’s system. 1 CRP tests, which measure the concentration of CRP in …
Lidocaine Antiarrhythmic Uses - The Cardiology Advisor
Mar 14, 2024 · Side Effects of Lidocaine (Intravenous) The 3 broad categories of adverse side effects associated with intravenous (IV) lidocaine are central nervous system (CNS), cardiovascular, and allergic reactions. 5. Central nervous system side effects of lidocaine may include the following 5: Respiratory depression and arrest.
Angina vs Heart Attack: Comparing Presentations and Treatments
Feb 26, 2024 · Angina and a heart attack can feel very similar. For people who have never experienced angina or a heart attack, it may present as chest tightness, or pain or discomfort that can spread to the shoulders, back, chest, and jaw. Angina happens when the arteries in the heart get narrow. A heart attack can cause permanent heart damage.
FFR: Fractional Flow Reserve - The Cardiology Advisor
Dec 5, 2022 · FFR Definition & Description. FFR is defined as ratio of pressure measured in coronary segment distal to stenosis (Pd) and pressure measured proximal to stenosis, usually aortic pressure (Pa) or pressure measured in healthy proximal coronary segment. Fractional flow reserve formula is FFR = Pd/Pa. 3 FFR is measured using guidewires equipped ...
Antianginal Drugs - The Cardiology Advisor
Nov 17, 2022 · Antianginal Drugs in Summary. Angina is chest pain or chest discomfort due to an imbalance between myocardial oxygen supply and demand. 1,2 Angina is a predictor of future cardiovascular events; therefore, angina treatment goals are to prevent myocardial infarction (MI) and death, and to alleviate symptoms of angina. 1-3 Antianginal drugs work ...
How Long to Discontinue Apixaban for Optimal Concentration …
December 30, 2021. Patients achieved optimal serum apixaban levels when discontinuing use 60 hours or more prior to invasive or major surgery, according to clinical trial results published in Vascular Medicine. Apixaban Discontinuation for Invasive Or major Surgical procedures (ADIOS) (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02935751) was a single ...
Premature Ventricle Contractions in Heart Failure: A Closer …
Aug 11, 2016 · Premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) are “early depolarizations of the myocardium, originating in the ventricle.” 1 Once regarded as benign, PVCs—even in the absence of structural heart disease—are now regarded as more insidious, potentially causing or contributing to cardiomyopathy and heart failure. 2 Asymptomatic PVCs are often detected …